Toán Lớp 8: tìm x biết ( x+2) ( x + 2 ) 2 – x ( x – 3 ) = – 10, giúp em giải bài này ạ, em cảm ơn thầy cô và các bạn nhiều.
\[\begin{array}{l}\left( {x + 2} \right){\left( {{\rm{x}} + 2} \right)^2} – {\rm{x}}\left( {{\rm{x}} – 3} \right) = – 10\\\Leftrightarrow {\left( {x + 2} \right)^3} – \left( {{x^2} – 3{\rm{x}}} \right) = – 10\\\Leftrightarrow {x^3} + 6{{\rm{x}}^2} + 12{\rm{x}} + 8 – {x^2} + 3{\rm{x}} = – 10\\\Leftrightarrow {x^3} + 5{{\rm{x}}^2} + 15{\rm{x}} + 18 = 0\\\Leftrightarrow {x^3} + 2{{\rm{x}}^2} + 3{{\rm{x}}^2} + 6{\rm{x}} + 9{\rm{x}} + 18 = 0\\\Leftrightarrow {x^2}\left( {x + 2} \right) + 3{\rm{x}}\left( {x + 2} \right) + 9\left( {x + 2} \right) = 0\\\Leftrightarrow \left( {x + 2} \right)\left( {{x^2} + 3{\rm{x}} + 9} \right) = 0\\\Leftrightarrow x + 2 = 0\left( {do:{x^2} + 3{\rm{x}} + 9 > 0} \right)\\\Leftrightarrow x = – 2\\Vay:x = – 2\end{array}\] Trả lời
\left( {x + 2} \right){\left( {{\rm{x}} + 2} \right)^2} – {\rm{x}}\left( {{\rm{x}} – 3} \right) = – 10\\
\Leftrightarrow {\left( {x + 2} \right)^3} – \left( {{x^2} – 3{\rm{x}}} \right) = – 10\\
\Leftrightarrow {x^3} + 6{{\rm{x}}^2} + 12{\rm{x}} + 8 – {x^2} + 3{\rm{x}} = – 10\\
\Leftrightarrow {x^3} + 5{{\rm{x}}^2} + 15{\rm{x}} + 18 = 0\\
\Leftrightarrow {x^3} + 2{{\rm{x}}^2} + 3{{\rm{x}}^2} + 6{\rm{x}} + 9{\rm{x}} + 18 = 0\\
\Leftrightarrow {x^2}\left( {x + 2} \right) + 3{\rm{x}}\left( {x + 2} \right) + 9\left( {x + 2} \right) = 0\\
\Leftrightarrow \left( {x + 2} \right)\left( {{x^2} + 3{\rm{x}} + 9} \right) = 0\\
\Leftrightarrow x + 2 = 0\left( {do:{x^2} + 3{\rm{x}} + 9 > 0} \right)\\
\Leftrightarrow x = – 2\\
Vay:x = – 2
\end{array}\]